Hupa Woman Teaches Healthy Cooking (health)

http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/06/06/in-humboldt-county-hupa-woman-teaches-healthy-cooking-via-youtube/

Tucked away in far northern California, in Humboldt County, is the small community of Hoopa. With just 3,000 people, it’s the big city on the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation.

Like other Native American groups, the Hupa suffer from high rates of obesity and diabetes. That’s where Meagan Baldy comes in. She runs the Hoopa Community Garden and sought to educate her fellow Hupa people about eating local, traditional foods. But trying to change people’s habits is never easy.

She started by offering a “farm box” – a box of free produce, whatever is in season. But people failed even to pick up their boxes. Baldy discovered that people didn’t know how to prepare most produce.

Serving the vegetables to her own family was a battle at first, so it must have been for others as well, Baldy reasoned. So, she snuck in greens and tried cooking them in creative ways.

When she posted a picture of kale and eggs to Facebook, people asked her how she made it.

From there, the brainstorm: Baldy launched her own YouTube channel — Cooking Healthy in Indian Country — to show people how to cook easy, nutritious meals for their families.


Del Norte and Adjacent Tribal Land Initiative (community, health)

Our children should dream about their futures - and those dreams should be framed by family, health, safety, economic security, education, and hope.

Mission
Our children should dream about their futures - and those dreams should be framed by family, health, safety, economic security, education, and hope.

Company Overview
The California Endowment’s Building healthy Communities Initiative (BHC) in Del Norte County and Adjacent Tribal Lands (DNATL) is a 10 year initiative focused on moving the community toward achieving results in four areas, including: reducing childhood obesity, reducing violence among youth, providing a “health home” to all children, and increasing school attendance.
Description

The Del Norte and Adjacent Tribal Land premise for the Building Healthy Communities Effort is as follows:

Our children should dream about their futures - and those dreams should be framed by family, health, safety, economic security, education, and hope. We believe that their dreams are our responsibility. We believe that early intervention and prevention are the critical keys to strengthening families, ensuring the economic assets of the families, preventing families from entering the justice and child welfare systems, instilling a life-long love of learning, and enhancing the health of every resident.


https://www.humboldt.edu/ccrp/building-healthy-communities

Fry Bread Gets Fit (health)

Fry bread gets fit

http://www.argusleader.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050831/LIFE02/508310314/1004/LIFE

To give the traditional treat a healthier spin, an SDSU instructor cooks up two versions for a cultures class

Virginia Perez

vperez@argusleader.com

August 31, 2005

Mmmm, fry bread.

Many Native Americans hold South Dakota's official bread in high regard - too high, says journalist Suzan Shown Harjo, whose January column in Indian Country Today suggesting people give up fry bread for their health prompted some outrage.

The spell of fry bread is strong - a quick poll of 45 Native Americans across the country reinforces that. Only one respondent said he would give up fry bread forever because of fat. Others said they would cut back but wouldn't stop nibbling completely.

Virgil Taken Alive, a morning disc jockey at KLND radio in Little Eagle, has had six heart bypass surgeries. He has cut back on fry bread, but he hasn't given it up.

"Whenever they serve it, I love to eat it," Taken Alive said.

Considering the loyalty the tempting golden brown disks inspire, it's safe to say fry bread is here to stay. So is there a way to make it more heart-friendly, especially for a culture that faces high obesity rates and related health risks?

Native American culture and food expert Valerian Three Irons tinkered with his traditional recipe to find out.

Three Irons, a diversity and service learning associate at South Dakota State University in Brookings, teaches about Native American culture to students from schools around the country to prepare them to be immersed in reservation life, where they will work and reside for 10 weeks.

"Food is a big part of Indian culture, so it's important they learn about it," Three Irons said. This fall, Three Irons has three students: Erin Wright from Goucher College in Baltimore, Michaela Raikes from Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif., and Miranda Blue from Carleton College in Northfield, Minn. Only Wright had tried fry bread before coming to South Dakota.

The first session of "Fry bread 101" began in the Volga home of Three Irons, where he and his wife, Mary, taught all there is to know about fry bread. They prepared two versions, original and whole wheat.

As Three Irons turned the mushy dough into the Native American delicacy, he told his great-grandmother's fry bread creation story.

Fry bread goes back to the time when steamboats came up the river, Three Irons said. Traders from the boats often would do business with the Native Americans. One trader wanted Native women to slaughter and render a pig for him. As the women prepared a meal for the man, they decided to save time by using the oil from the pig to cook corn dough, and fry bread was invented.

When the original and whole-wheat fry bread finished cooking, Three Irons analyzed the whole-wheat bread. As he held it in his hand, he noticed a difference in weight and said, "There's calories missing." He then sliced samples for the students.

Three Irons noticed a little difference in taste but particularly in texture. Of the students, Wright preferred the taste of the original, Raikes said she could not tell the difference and Blue said, "They're both yummy."

"I kind of expected there to be a difference because there is a difference in the main ingredient," Three Irons said. "I thought the texture would be the same, but I found it to be a little more coarse. But the taste is similar and a little bit drier."

If they had to choose one over the other, all three students said they would choose the whole wheat because it's healthier.

Dietitian Teresa Beach with Sioux Valley Hospital has analyzed the health benefits of the two recipes.

Three Irons' original fry bread recipe contains 282 calories in a 3-ounce piece about 5 inches in diameter, and the whole-wheat version contains 250 calories. The whole-wheat version has 7 grams of fiber; the original, 2 grams. There were 46 grams of carbohydrates in the whole-wheat fry bread and 52 grams in the original.

The significant difference was in the type of oil used in the whole-wheat version. Three Irons chose canola oil for the whole wheat over soybean oil to give it a healthier monounsaturated fat, Beach said.

"The total fat in the healthier version was 4.5 grams, and for the not-so-healthy 4.1 grams," Beach said. "It's just that it's a better type of fat."

A welcome option

After the fry bread preparation, the Three Irons and the students were joined for an Indian taco dinner by SDSU Director of Diversity Allen Branum and his wife, Jan.

Three Irons said a blessing and instructed the students on how to build an Indian taco. All three chose the original fry bread over the whole wheat, but Branum decided to try the healthier version. He generally has a preference for whole-wheat breads, but after a few bites, he decided he liked the original version better.

"The regular is what I'm used to. It has a flavor that is more addictive," Branum said. "I'm very pleased there is a whole wheat out there, and I will dine on both in the future."

Once people realize there isn't much of a difference in taste, they might start using whole-wheat flour, Three Irons said, but they have to try it first.

Does he think people would ever quit eating fry bread?

"No."

THREE IRONS FRY BREAD: WHOLE WHEAT:

8 cups of whole-wheat flour

3 tablespoons baking powder

3 tablespoons Splenda

1 tablespoon salt

1 cup dry milk

4 tablespoons canola oil

4 cups warm water


Three Irons Fry Bread: Original

8 cups white flour

3 tablespoons baking powder

3 tablespoons sugar

1 tablespoon salt

1 cup dry milk

4 tablespoons soybean oil

4 cups warm water

For both: Blend 4 cups of flour with the rest of the dry ingredients in a large bowl. Add the wet ingredients, and mix with a spoon. Slowly add 4 more cups of flour. Gently knead the dough to form a ball. Be cautious to not overwork the dough because it will become tough.

Heat 3 to 4 inches of oil in an electric skillet, large cast iron frying pan or deep fat fryer to 368 degrees (the higher temperature is important to prevent too much oil from soaking into the bread). Test the oil by dropping a small half-dollar-size piece of dough into the oil. When the oil is ready, the dough will bubble up and float to the top.

From the large ball of dough, pull off a small piece and flatten, using your hands or a rolling pin, to about a half-inch thickness and about 4 to 5 inches in diameter. Punch a small hole in the center, and put into the hot oil. Cook until golden brown on one side, and turn over until browned on both sides. Drain on paper towels.

Wojapi pudding

4 pounds berries or fruit

(any combination of blueberries, raspberries, chokecherries, buffaloberries, etc. will work)

4 cups water

2 cups sugar

Half a package of cornstarch to thicken

Mash the berries or fruit (with peaches, it is good to cook them a little first). Save some of the water to mix up the cornstarch. Put mashed fruit, sugar and water into a pan, and bring slowly to a boil.

Remove from heat, and stir in cornstarch mixture (be sure the cornstarch mixture isn't lumpy). Place back on low heat, and stir well until thickened to the consistency of pudding. Can be served as a dip for fry bread.

Commodity foods haven't offered best health benefits Native American culture and food expert Valerian Three Irons says fry bread is not the only culprit in the high rate of obesity, heart disease and diabetes among Native Americans.  

In the 1950s, the U.S. Department of Agriculture began distributing foods to people with certain income guidelines, Three Irons said. On the reservation, those foods came to be known as "commods," short for commodity foods.

Among the foods distributed included white rice, fruit packed in heavy syrup, white flour, canned meats with an inch of hardened lard on top and peanut butter topped with grease. These resulted in fat, unhealthy people with "commod-bods," Three Irons said.

"An excess amount of any one thing is a killer," Three Irons said.

He thinks a better way to address health epidemics is through education and a few adjustments to the commodity program.

"Commodity programs can change. They've proven that with the use of juices and the introduction of buffalo over hamburger," Three Irons said. "So this is another one they can do by changing bleached flour with whole-wheat flour."

Virginia Perez


A Medicine Garden (health)

A medicine garden

A few herbalists keep alive ancient knowledge of plants

Sunday, October 29, 2006

Robin Chenoweth

FOR THE COLUMBUS DISPATCH

The town drunk likely earned his nickname by panhandling small change to buy his next bottle of hooch. Everyone knew Fifty-Cent Freddie was dancing a two-step with death. But something compelled him to go to the herbal healer who lived in the mountains overlooking Bluefield, W.Va.

Seeing her grandmother treat Freddie with valerian root and skullcap jostled something in young Sarah Brown’s consciousness.

"I remember that so clearly," said Brown, who lives in the Hilltop area. "She helped him come off alcohol because it was killing him. Anybody who came, my grandmother helped."

Even as a child who ran barefoot and worry-free through the hills, Brown was marked to pass down a tradition of healing that predates recorded civilization.

The roots of that tradition, grafted from ancient African and American Indian cultures, grow deep in Brown’s garden.

"You are born and die an herbalist," Brown said. "It’s a continuous study. . . . It takes years to master."

Plants such as Saint-John’s-wort, plantain, comfrey and lemon balm nestle in Brown’s tightly planted beds. She picks the herbs and brews them or makes them into salves, just as her grandmother did.

Others taught her grandmother the herbal way, and before them were others.

Some consider the tradition lost, except that it isn’t: More than 80 percent of the world uses medicinal plants to heal and maintain health, said James Duke, an ethnobotanist who has studied plants throughout the world.

"Man has been experimenting with herbs as long as man has been here," Duke said. "There have been people in India and China for 1 million years and (people) in Africa for 8 million years.

"The longer they’ve had to evolve with these (plants), the better their genes recognize them. . . . We’ve had less than 200 years with synthetic medicine."

Many modern drugs, in fact, are derived from medicinal plants or are modeled biochemically after them.

The indigenous plant black cohosh, for example, is used to treat menopause in the prescription drug Remifemin; compounds from rosy periwinkle help cure 90 percent of childhood leukemia.

But much of nature’s medicine chest remains untapped.

Most drug trials on herbs are conducted in Europe. In the United States, herbalists are barred from diagnosing illness or prescribing herbs. And many doctors are skeptical of their claims.

"The cautionary push-back for most physicians is that our market for herbs and dietary supplements is horribly under-, said Dr. Brent - Bauer, director of the Mayo Clinic’s Complementary and Integrated Medicine Program.

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 made manufacturers responsible for ensuring the safety of their products. Since then, variations in the quality of herbs have been huge from brand to brand, he said.

"I can basically go out in my backyard, squeeze up some grass clippings, call it Dr. Bauer’s Miracle Prostate Cure and pretty much go to the market," he said.

A few supplements, such as ephedra, have been pulled off the market by the Food and Drug Administration because studies indicate health threats. (FDA officials were contacted several times regarding this story but declined to be interviewed.)

The validity of such studies often are hotly debated by people such as Duke, who believes herbal treatments are safer, cheaper and more effective than their synthetic counterparts. He maintains that each year synthetic drugs, taken as prescribed in a hospital setting, kill at least 140,000 Americans.

Duke, who retired from the U.S. Department of Agriculture after 30 years of tracking down medicinal plants, is fighting to have synthetic drugs tested against herbal alternatives.

Indeed, the tide might be shifting as medical institutions conduct more studies on herbs. The Mayo Clinic is studying how valerian — the same herb Brown’s grandmother used — affects fatigue in cancer patients. The University of Illinois is running drug trials on black cohosh and red clover. Other government-funded studies are under way.

"But it’s a difficult area," said Dr. Norman Farnsworth, a pharmaceutical researcher at the University of Illinois. "Some of the government-sponsored trials have failed" because plant extracts, which vary greatly from batch to batch, have not been correctly standardized.

Nevertheless, health-care professionals must consider alternative medicines in their many forms, said Bauer, because 60 percent of people are using them.

"If the majority have this as part of their health-care program, it’s not an alternative anymore. So we absolutely have to be a lot more savvy."

Meanwhile, Brown and other herbalists continue to bear a stigma.

"The bane of my existence is being the ‘voodoo queen,’ especially being black and an herbalist," she said.

"If I could just get past that image. This is not a carnival. This is very serious stuff . . . because we’re trying to help the way we’ve been helped."

Brown has pored over botanical texts and studied herbal guides published by Commission E, an arm of Germany’s federal drug agency.

But her grandmother began Brown’s lessons simply, as she had learned them, with herbs that grew in the woods surrounding their home.

"(She) said, ‘You’re going to become an expert at 10 herbs in front of you,’ " Brown recalled, plants such as dandelion root, red clover and goldenrod.

"If you had a cold, you’d go out there and get comfrey, mullein, yarrow — your wayside weeds."

Because they were poor and lived in an area accessible only by steep dirt roads, herbs often were the only treatment available. In her grandmother’s day, blacks were barred from white hospitals. So they continued the traditional healing that their ancestors brought over on slave ships.

"There was more than hair underneath the scarves that the slave women wore," Brown said. "They had herbs and roots and things to help heal people."

The West Virginia mountains also harbored many eastern Cherokee Indians, who fled there to escape going west on the Trail of Tears.

The escapees survived by marrying whites and blacks, and they passed on Indian medicine. That blending of herbal lore is prevalent throughout the world, Duke said.

"Whenever cultures mix, their herbal traditions get mixed," he said.

One of Brown’s favorite herbs, plantain, was called White Man’s Footsteps by Native Americans because it spread wherever white explorers went.

Shamans and healers worldwide made good use of plantain, which has been clinically proven to treat certain eye, throat and mouth infections. It is also a proven diuretic, which is no surprise to Brown, who has seen the herb cure kidney ailments.

"It’s so frustrating being an herbalist," she said. "We know these things work; it’s just hard trying to convince people.

"Herbalism is folk art, oldwives’ tales passed down, it’s true. But right now it is being scientifically proven."

She frets about the health of the 20 percent of Americans who can’t afford drugs or doctors to prescribe them.

"Herbs are the medicines of everyday man," she said. "You have choices. You can go ahead and suffer, or you might want to, for example, take some tea from this leaf."

Standing among her plants, she crushed some thyme and smelled its fragrance.

"Since the beginning of time, this information has been passed; we have just gotten away from it," she said.

"A lot of people are destroyed by a lack of knowledge."

Tobacco Use & Natives (health)

http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/research/factsheets/pdf/0251.pdf

 1400 I Street, NW - Suite 1200 ·  Washington, DC 20005
Phone (202) 296-5469 ·  Fax (202) 296-5427 ·  www.tobaccofreekids.org
Despite reductions in smoking prevalence achieved since the first Surgeon General’s report on
the consequences of smoking in 1964, smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death
in the United States.1 Smoking accounts for more than 400,000 deaths in the United States
each year, and is a major risk factor for the four leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer,
stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.2 Native Americans, as a whole, have an
especially high risk of suffering from tobacco-related death and disease because they have the
highest prevalence of smoking and other tobacco use compared to any other population group
in the United States.

Smoking Among Native American Adults
While smoking rates vary considerably from one tribe to another, American Indians and Alaska
Natives (AI/AN) are, overall, more likely than any other racial/ethnic subgroup to be current
smokers. According to the 2011 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) of adults ages 18 and
over, 31.5 percent of AI/AN currently smoke, compared to 20.6 percent of Whites, 19.4 percent
of African Americans, 12.9 percent of Hispanics and 9.9 percent of Asian Americans. Overall,
19 percent of U.S. adults are current smokers.3 According to a 2005 study, 14 percent of
Southwest tribal members were smokers compared to a 50 percent smoking rate among
Northern Plains tribal members.4

The 2011 NHIS reports that AI/AN men have the highest smoking prevalence of all racial/ethnic
groups at 34.4 percent. In comparison, the smoking prevalence is 24.2 percent among African
American men and 22.5 percent among white men.5 The smoking prevalence among AI/AN
women also is disproportionately high. 29.1 percent of AI/AN women smoke, compared to 18.8
percent of white women and 15.5 percent of African-American women.6

According to the National Center for Health Statistics, 17.8 percent of AI/AN women smoked
during their pregnancy, compared to 13.9 percent of non-Hispanic white women.7 This disparity
has been growing over time. Since 1978, the prevalence of cigarette smoking in women of
reproductive age (18 to 44 years old) has declined in every subgroup of the American
population except among AI/AN women.8 Tobacco use during pregnancy is one of the key
preventable causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Smoking Among Native American Youth
In 2001, cigarette use among high school students in National Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
funded schools was 56.5 percent, almost double the smoking prevalence rate among all U.S.
high school students (28.5%).9 There was no significant difference between smoking rates
among AI/AN boys and girls. Almost one-quarter (24.4%) of students at BIA-funded schools
reported frequent cigarette use (having smoked ≥ 20 of the 30 days preceding the survey).10 In
comparison, 13.8 percent of all U.S. high school students reported frequent cigarette use
2001.11 BIA funds 185 schools located on 63 reservations in 23 states with approximately 8,500
high school students.12

Native Americans and Other Tobacco Use
While good current data is not available, data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS,
1991) indicate that prevalence of smokeless tobacco use has been highest among AI/AN men

NATIVE AMERICANS & TOBACCO USE
Native Americans & Tobacco Use / 2
and women, compared to other racial/ethnic subgroups. 5.4 percent of AI/AN adults (8.1% of
men and 2.5% of women) were current smokeless tobacco users, compared to 2.9 percent for
the overall U.S population (5.6% of men and 0.6% of women).13

According to aggregated data from the 1987 and 1991 NHIS, the prevalence of current pipe and
cigar use has also been higher among AI/AN than among other racial/ethnic subgroups.
However, the NHIS did not distinguish between ceremonial and addictive daily pipe smoking
which may contribute to the higher prevalence rates among this group.14

Nationally, Native American youth living on reservations have the highest smokeless tobacco
use than any other group. Again, these children seem to have early, frequent and heavy use of
chewing tobacco and snuff.15 In 2001, approximately 1 in 5 AI/AN students in BIA funded
schools were current users of smokeless tobacco,16 compared to 1 in 12 students at all U.S.
high schools.17

Tobacco Use Health Consequences Among Native Americans
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among AI/ANs, and tobacco use is an
important risk factor.18 Cancer is the second leading cause of death among AI/ANs nationally
and the leading cause of death among Alaska Natives; lung cancer is the leading cause of
cancer death.19

Alaska and Northern Plains tribal members, who have the highest smoking prevalence among
American Indians, also have the highest rates of lung cancer and heart disease.20 From 1994–
1998, rates of lung cancer death among AI/ANs in the North Plains and Alaska regions were
higher than the U.S. rate for all racial/ethnic populations combined.21

The 2007 annual report on the status of cancer in the U.S. found that there is wide variation in
AI/AN cancer surveillance, and that regional and tribe-specific data is needed to fully
understand the disease burden among Indian tribes. Regional and tribal variations in cancer
rates likely reflect geographic and tribal variations in risk factors and screening. For example,
among AI/AN, regional lung cancer rates mirrored regional smoking prevalence rates.22
Recommendations for lowering the high rate of smoking-caused cancer included reducing
tobacco use among this community by better tailoring tobacco cessation and treatment
programs to the AI/AN community, increasing tobacco product prices and increasing funding for
tribal tobacco control programs.23

Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, January 10, 2013 / Lorna Schmidt
Additional Sources of Information
• The National Tribal Tobacco Prevention Network, at the Northwest Portland Area Indian Health
Board, http://www.npaihb.org/programs/national_tribal_tobacco_prevention_network/
• National Indian Health Board, http://www.nihb.org, and its Area Health Boards
• Native CIRCLE, American Indian/Alaska Native Cancer Information Resource Center and Learning
Exchange, at Mayo Clinic, http://cancercenter.mayo.edu/native_circle.cfm
• Indian Health Service, http://www.ihs.gov/epi/index.cfm?module=epi_tobacco_main
• Bureau of Indian Affairs, http://www.bia.gov/
• Association of American Indian Physicians, http://www.aaip.org/
Native Americans & Tobacco Use / 3
1 Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service, PHS publication 1103, 1964,
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/sgr/sgr_1964/sgr64.htm. McGinnis, JM, et al., “Actual causes of death in the United States,” Journal of the
American Medical Association (JAMA) 270:2207-2212, 1993.
2 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Annual Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost, and Productivity
Losses—United States, 2000-2004,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) 57(45), November 14, 2008,
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5745.pdf. McGinnis, JM, et al., “Actual causes of death in the United States,” JAMA 270:2207-2212, 1993.
3 CDC, “Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2011,” MMWR 61(44):889–894, November 9, 2012,
4 Henderson, et al., “Correlates of Cigarette Smoking Among Selected Southwest and Northern Plains Tribal Groups: The Al-SUPERPFP
Study,” American Journal of Public Health (AJPH) 95:867-872, 2005.
5 CDC, “Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2011,” MMWR 61(44):889–894, November 9, 2012,
6 CDC, “Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults—United States, 2011,” MMWR 61(44):889–894, November 9, 2012,
7 CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, “Births: Final Data for 2005,” National Vital Statistics Reports, 56(6), December 5, 2007,
8 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups, Report of the Surgeon
General, 1998, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1998/index.htm.
9 CDC, “Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use Among High School Students in Bureau of Indian Affairs-Funded Schools—United States,
2001,” MMWR 52(44):1070-1072, November 7, 2003, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5244.pdf. CDC, “Youth Risk Behavior
Surveillance—United States, 2001,” MMWR 51(SS04):1-64, June 28, 2002, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5104a1.htm.
10 CDC, “Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use Among High School Students in Bureau of Indian Affairs-Funded Schools—United States,
2001,” MMWR 52(44):1070-1072, November 7, 2003, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5244.pdf.
11 CDC, “Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2001,” MMWR 51(SS-4), June 28, 2002,
12 CDC, “Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use Among High School Students in Bureau of Indian Affairs-Funded Schools – United States,
2001,” MMWR 52(44):1070-1072, November 7, 2003, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5244.pdf.
13 CDC, “Use of Smokeless Tobacco Among Adults—United States, 1991,” MMWR 42(14):263-266,
14 HHS, Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups, Report of the Surgeon General, 1998,
15 Schinke, et al., 1989, Surgeon General’s Report, 1994, and Schinke, 1987, according to the Learning Center’s Tobacco and Native
Americans page.
16 CDC, “Tobacco, Alcohol, and Other Drug Use Among High School Students in Bureau of Indian Affairs-Funded Schools—United States,
2001,” MMWR 52(44):1070-1072, November 7, 2003, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5244.pdf.
17 CDC, “Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 2001,” MMWR 51(SS-4), June 28, 2002,
18 HHS, Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups, Report of the Surgeon General, 1998,
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1998/index.htm. National Center for Health Statistics, “Health, United States, 2011: With
Special Features on Socioeconomic Status and Health,” http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus11.pdf.
19 HHS, Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups, Report of the Surgeon General, 1998,
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1998/index.htm. See also, National Center for Health Statistics, “Health, United States,
2011: With Special Features on Socioeconomic Status and Health,” http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus11.pdf. CDC, “Cancer Mortality
Among American Indians and Alaska Natives—United States, 1994–1998,” 52(30):704–707, August 1, 2003,
20 HHS, Tobacco Use Among U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups, Report of the Surgeon General, 1998,
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/sgr_1998/index.htm. Espey, D, et al. “Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer,
1975–2004, Featuring Cancer in American Indians and Alaska Natives,” Cancer, 110(10):2119-52, November 2007. Henderson, et al.,
“Patterns of Cigarette Smoking Initiation in Two Culturally Distinct American Indian Tribes,” JAMA 99:2020-2025, 2009. Casper, M., et al. “Atlas
of Heart Disease and Stroke Among American Indians and Alaska Natives,” 2005, http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/atlas/aian_atlas/. CDC, “Cancer
Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives—United States, 1994–1998,” 52(30):704–707, August 1, 2003,
21 CDC, “Cancer Mortality Among American Indians and Alaska Natives—United States, 1994–1998,” 52(30):704–707, August 1, 2003,
22 Espey, D, et al. “Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2004, Featuring Cancer in American Indians and Alaska
Natives,” Cancer, 110(10):2119-52, November 2007.
23 See, e.g., Espey, DK, et al., “Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2004, Featuring Cancer in American Indians and
Alaska Natives,” Cancer (DOI: 10.1002/cncr. 23044) Published online, October 15, 2007; Print issue date, November 15, 2007,

Walking In Balance In Indian Country (event/health)

Walking In Balance In Indian Country.  https://www.facebook.com/events/693560837338612/?ref_dashboard_filter=upcoming

This conference is put together to enhance culturally appropriate approaches to better serve American Indian Crime Victims and their families and and to improve general services to the Native American community. The conference is hosted by The Northern California Tribal Healing Coalition Members that include local Tribes and Native agencies. All Social Service providers and agencies are encouraged to attend!  Registration limited to 200.  To get registration forms go to http://www.twofeathers-nafs.org/events2013oct.html


Tips From Former Smokers (health)

In March 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the first-ever paid national tobacco education campaign — Tips From Former Smokers (Tips). Tips encouraged people to quit smoking by highlighting the toll that smoking-related illnesses take on smokers and their loved ones. The hard-hitting ads showed people living with the real and painful consequences of smoking. Many of the people featured in the ads started smoking in their early teens, and some were diagnosed with life-changing diseases before they were age 40. The ads featured suggestions or "tips" from former smokers on how to get dressed when you have a stoma or artificial limbs, what scars from heart surgery look like, and reasons why people have quit smoking.


Read more, and view photo and videos here: http://www.powwows.com/2013/04/08/tips-from-former-smokers-videos/#ixzz2VxjGhqQw